The Forensic expert kollegium offers services for conducting technical examination of document requisites. Due to the rapid development of computer and technical means, more and more opportunities are emerging for offenders to copy and forge virtually any document. Forgery of document elements is carried out both manually and with the use of modern technical devices in such a way that, without appropriate qualifications and special equipment, it is sometimes impossible for a person to establish the fact of forgery. Technical examination of document requisites is intended to solve issues of authenticity.

It should be noted that this type of examination is closely related to handwriting examination. At the initial stage of the examination, the specialist must verify that the submitted object is handwritten and not produced using technical means, and that no changes have been made to its content.

The objects of technical examination of document requisites include:

• the content of the document (images, requisites (texts, entries, signatures, impressions of certification printing forms, photographs, etc.) and elements (means) of protection);
• documents that have been altered both as a result of external damaging factors (mechanical, light, thermal, chemical, biological, etc.) during their use and (or) storage, and as a result of technical changes to their original content, including division into parts;
• documents with invisible (faint, poorly distinguishable), as well as flooded, smeared and crossed out (shaded) requisites;
• writing instruments (trace-forming surfaces), or samples of impressions of their printing (writing) surfaces;
• documents - free and experimental samples for comparative examination, etc.

The tasks of technical examination of document requisites include examination of:

1. Documents (document forms, securities, banknotes) with a certain degree of protection; 

2. Documents (document forms, requisites) without a certain degree of protection: 

• documents (requisites) made using writing (drawing) instruments;
• documents (requisites) made using typewriters and other character-printing devices;
• documents (requisites) made using printing (printing, reprographic and other) devices (machines, apparatus) by a printing method without the use of printing forms;
• documents (requisites) made using printing and other machines (devices) by a printing method with the use of printing forms;
• impressions of certification printing forms;

3. Handwritten requisites (entries and signatures) of a document in order to establish preliminary technical preparation and (or) technical forgery of signatures (entries); 

4. Documents (requisites) that have undergone changes as a result of both external damaging factors (mechanical, light, thermal, chemical, biological, etc.) during their use and (or) storage, and technical changes to their original content (additions (drawing), erasure, etching (washing out), decolorization of strokes made with sympathetic coloring substances, as a result of thermal impact and (or) optical radiation, etc.), including division into parts; 

5. Establishing the time of production of the document (requisite) (relative and absolute age). 

Questions addressed during the examination of document forms:

• Was the submitted form produced by an enterprise that manufactures this type of product?
• By what method was the document or its form produced?
• Were the examined document forms produced by the same or different methods?
• Were the submitted documents produced from the same printing form?
• Was the submitted document produced from this printing form?
• Did montage of document requisites take place during its production?

Questions addressed during the examination of impressions of seals and stamps:

• By what method was the impression applied in the submitted document?
• Were the examined impressions applied by the same or different clichés?
• Were the examined impressions applied by the cliché, samples of which are submitted for comparison?
• Were the examined impressions applied by the seal (stamp) submitted for comparison?
• By what method was the cliché, the impression of which is present in the submitted document, produced?

Questions addressed during the examination to establish the content of the document:

• What is the content of the originally executed (modified) entries in the submitted document?
• What is the content of faded, indented, flooded (shaded) entries?
• What is the chronological sequence of execution of intersecting requisites (text, impression and signature) in the examined document?

Questions addressed during the examination to establish the fact of changes to the original content of the document:

• Was the document subjected to any changes (erasure, etching, shading, etc.)? If yes, which ones?
• Was any fragment of entries added (drawn) in the submitted document?
• Were any parts of the document (photograph, stamp, etc.) re-glued?
• Was there a replacement of sheets in the submitted document?

You may contact the Forensic expert kollegium for consultation regarding technical examination of document requisites at: Minsk, Zhukovskaga St., 11A, 4th floor

or by phone: +375 (17) 317 04 71; +375 (17) 317 04 72; +375 (17) 317 04 73; +375 (17) 317 04 74; +375 (17) 317 04 76; +375 (29) 109 60 11; +375 (44) 588 60 11.